NEWS From Around The World

Suicide Mistaken for Halloween Decoration

(AP) The apparent suicide of a woman found hanging from a tree went unreported for hours because passers-by thought the body was a Halloween decoration, authorities said.
  The 42-year-old woman used rope to hang herself across the street from some homes on a moderately busy road late Tuesday or early Wednesday, state police said.
  The body, suspended about 15 feet above the ground, could be easily seen from passing vehicles.
State police spokesman Cpl. Jeff Oldham and neighbors said people noticed the body at breakfast time Wednesday but dismissed it as a holiday prank. Authorities were called to the scene more than three hours later.
  "They thought it was a Halloween decoration," Fay Glanden, wife of Mayor William Glanden, told The (Wilmington) News Journal.
  "It looked like something somebody would have rigged up," she said.

CBSNews.com 10/27/05


Court: 'Pre-Embryo' Not A Person

(AP) A days-old human embryo preserved outside the womb isn't a person under the Arizona law that allows lawsuits for wrongful deaths, the Arizona Court of Appeals has ruled.
  The ruling stemmed from a lawsuit filed by a Phoenix-area couple against the Mayo Clinic, accusing it of losing or destroying some of their fertilized eggs. The couple had asked the Court of Appeals to expand the definition of "person" under the wrongful-death statute to include embryos with the potential to be viable, but the court declined, saying it's a matter for the Legislature to decide.
  A 20-year-old Arizona Supreme Court ruling on the wrongful-death law found that a fetus had to be viable—able to survive outside the womb—to support a lawsuit, and the Court of Appeals said Thursday there is still considerable debate surrounding start-of-life issues despite medical advances since 1985.
  Because the terminology surrounding such issues is highly charged, the Court of Appeals said it tried to be neutral by using the term "pre-embryo" to describe the days-old, lab-preserved fertilized eggs involved in the case. Calling such eggs "embryos" could imply the egg is a "person," the ruling by a three-judge panel said.
  While the Court of Appeals said the couple cannot sue the Mayo Clinic under the wrongful-death law, it reversed a Maricopa County judge's pretrial ruling dismissing the couple's lawsuit and reinstated it on other grounds.
  Daniel McAuliffe, an attorney for Mayo, said he didn't know whether the clinic would appeal the ruling to the state Supreme Court, but he said the appeals court was reasonable in its decision to leave the definition of "person" to legislators. Attorney John Jacubczyk, president of Arizona Right to Life, said he hadn't reviewed the ruling in detail but he disagreed with the use of the "pre-embryo" term. Life begins at fertilization, he said.

CBSNews.com 10/29/05


Chinese Mystery Illness Linked To Pigs

BEIJING—A mystery disease that has killed 17 farmers who handled sick pigs or sheep in Chinas southwest is unrelated to bird flu or SARS and is probably caused by bacteria carried by pigs, state media reported Monday.
  An additional 41 people were hospitalized in Sichuan province with symptoms that include high fever, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and "become comatose later with bruises under the skin," the official Xinhua News Agency said. It said 12 were in critical condition.
  The illness likely stems from streptococcus suis, a bacteria that is usually spread among pigs, provincial health official Zeng Huajin was quoted as saying by the China Daily newspaper.
  A spokesman for the World Health Organization said the symptoms reported "seemed consistent" with streptococcus suis.
  "We don't think weve seen numbers of this scale before, but it might be because of a heightened surveillance system," said Bob Dietz, a spokesman for the World Heath Organization in Manila. Hina is sensitive to such public health threats after criticism of its handling of severe acute respiratory syndrome, which emerged in 2002. The government was widely criticized for its slow response to release information about the disease, which killed nearly 800 people worldwide before subsiding in July 2003.
  China also is trying to contain an outbreak of avian flue in its west, where thousands of migratory birds have died in recent weeks.
  The last major pig-borne epidemic occurred in Malaysia, where 264 people were infected with the Nipah virus between 1998 and 1999. Some 105 people died and nearly a million hogs were slaughtered before the outbreak was controlled. The virus is capable of infecting a variety of animals and is lethal to about 50 percent of human patients, causing encephalitis.
  The Chinese ministries of health and agriculture sent a team to Sichuan last week to help investigate, treat and control of the outbreak," the China Daily said.
  Xinhua said medical experts believe the illness in Sichuan "is not spreading further among humans," and that there were "no obvious signs of (an) epidemic.
  The son of one victim told Hong Kong's Cable TV that his father fell ill after slaughtering a pig and eating some of the meat. The names of the son and victim were not given.
  Also Monday, two supermarket chains in Hong Kong stopped the sale of frozen pork from Sichuan as officials sought to assure the public the disease did not pose a threat to the territory.

7/25/05 The Associated Press


Male Circumcision Equal to Vaccine in Preventing HIV Infection

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa, Oct. 24 - Male circumcision protects as well against HIV infection as does a high-efficacy vaccine and could become a key strategy for reducing the spread of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa, according to researchers here.
  Circumcision reduced the rate of HIV infection in sexually active heterosexual African men by 60%, according to Adrian Puren, M.D., of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases here and colleagues. The study, which is the first experimental evidence to demonstrate that surgery can prevent infectious disease, will be published in the November issue of PloS Medicine. Scientists from the French research institute INSERM also participated.
  The study included 3,274 uncircumcised men, ages 18 to 24, from the Johannesburg region. Half of these were randomized to a control group and half to an intervention group. The intervention group was advised to abstain from sexual activity for six weeks after the surgery, because risk of acquiring infection is higher during this time. Follow-up visits were planned for three months, one year, and 21 months, but an interim analysis of the data at 18 months showed such a clear benefit for circumcision that the trial was halted and circumcision offered to the control group.
  There were 20 HIV infections in the intervention group compared with 49 in the control group. This corresponded to a relative risk for circumcision of 0.40 (95% confidence interval=0.24-0.68). The result held when adjusting for sexual behavior, including condom use, that might have affected the outcome.
  "The first and obvious consequence of this study is that male circumcision should be recognized as an important means to reduce the risk of males becoming infected by HIV," the authors wrote.
  They said that male circumcision "provides a degree of protection against acquiring HIV infection equivalent to what a vaccine of high efficacy would have achieved." They added that "male circumcision should be regarded as an important public health intervention for preventing the spread of HIV.
  Male circumcision could be incorporated rapidly into the national plans of countries where most males are not circumcised and where the spread of HIV is mainly heterosexual." Although the study did not explore factors underlying the protective effect of circumcision, they may include reducing the life expectancy of HIV on the penis after sexual contact, reducing the total surface area of the penis, and reducing available target cells, which are numerous on the foreskin, the researchers said.
  When preliminary results of this study were presented at the Third Annual AIDS Society Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in July, UNAIDS published a statement saying that it was premature to recommend circumcision as part of HIV prevention programs.
  Two ongoing trials in Uganda and Kenya, supported by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, will help clarify the relationship between male circumcision and HIV in differing social and cultural contexts, UNAIDS officials noted.

MedPage.com 10/25/05


FDA Warns Against Cherry Claims

TRAVERSE CITY, Mich—(AP) The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has warned the cherry industry not to overstate the health benefits of its products.
  The agency sent a letter last week to 29 companies, including 11 in northern Michigan, that manufacture, market or distribute products such as fruit juice concentrates and dried fruits.
  It directed the businesses to stop making "unproven claims" on Web sites and labels that their products treat or prevent diseases like cancer, heart disease and arthritis.
  Otherwise, it said, they could have their products seized or be charged with violating the federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, which defines articles intended to cure, treat or prevent disease.
  FDA spokeswoman Kimberly Rawlings said the warning was issued after employees in the agency's Detroit office noticed some of the products on the market.
  The cherry industry has promoted the fruit as a health food in recent years. The marketing institute's Web site carries information on university studies of the fruit's possible health benefits, describing cherries as "a natural pain killer."
  "Recent research has shown that tart cherries contain powerful antioxidants that may help relieve the pain of arthritis and gout and also protect the body against cardiovascular disease and inhibit cancer tumors," says one statement posted on the site. Another describes Montmorency tart cherries as "the healing fruit."
  Producers tend to couch their health labels in conditional terms, using words such as "may."
Nick Roster, co-owner of The Cherry Stop in Traverse City, said he stopped putting health claims in writing after receiving the FDA letter.
  "I was very surprised, especially since most of the language is using `may,"' he said. "We're just wondering what prompted this."
  Roster said he removed the language the FDA cited from The Cherry Stop's Web site. He said his business is fortunate because most of its product packaging doesn't contain the questioned claims.
  "We can still talk about it and we hear from people that it works," he said. "Word of mouth is more important than any Web site."
  Glenn LaCross, president of Leelanau Fruit Company, said his business will comply and is considering changing wording on its Web site. But he said he'd like the FDA to reconsider its stance.
"We're stating what our customers are telling us," LaCross said. "It's hard not to want to tell the rest of the world."

CBSNews.com 10/28/05


NY Court Upholds Gay Marriage Ban

A New York appeals court has upheld a decision that bars a village mayor from performing same-sex marriages.
  The court says New Paltz mayor Jason West acted beyond his authority when he presided over two dozen same-sex marriages last year. The five judges unanimously agreed to uphold the lower-court ruling.
  The mayor's lawyer is promising an appeal. West has maintained he was upholding the gay couples' constitutional rights to equal protection, and thus his oath of office, by allowing them to wed.
  West's gesture came amid a flurry of efforts in various states to enact gay weddings after San Francisco Mayor Gavin Newsom allowed gay couples there to wed in February 2004. Those efforts have largely been put on hold by the courts.
  On the other side of the country, gay rights advocates claimed a major victory after the Alaska State Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional to deny benefits to same-sex partners of public employees.
  In overturning a lower court ruling, the state high court said Friday that barring benefits for state and city employees' same-sex partners violates the Alaska constitution's equal protection clause.

CBSNews.com 10/29/05


Tetanus Kills 22 In Pakistan Quake Area

MUZAFFARABAD, Pakistan, Oct. 27, 2005—(AP) Fears of disease among South Asia's quake survivors grew Thursday after health officials said 22 people had died from tetanus. Doctors were also bracing for a spike in pneumonia, bronchitis and other diseases with the coming Himalayan winter.
  President Gen. Pervez Musharraf asked officials to use all their resources to provide relief goods and shelter to victims in Kashmir and other parts of the country. He said the hundreds of thousands of people without shelter must get tents within two weeks.
  The Oct. 8 quake is believed to have killed nearly 80,000 people and left more than 3 million homeless. Many of the tens of thousands of injured had to wait a week or more to get their first medical treatment, so infected wounds have been rife.
  Sacha Bootsma of the World Health Organization said there had been 111 tetanus cases since the temblor struck, of which 22 were fatal. She said the numbers were normal for a disaster of this magnitude.
  Bootsma said all hospitalized patients were being inoculated against tetanus, which occurs when bacteria enter the body through cuts or scratches and infect the nervous system.
  Donors, including Pakistan's rival India, have pledged $580 million for quake victims, but the United Nations said more resources were needed to save between 2 million and 3 million lives.
  World Food Program spokesman David Orr said the agency needed money and supplies to distribute more than 500 tons of food aid a day. The agency has yet to reach a half-million people in remote villages, although those communities were believed to have some food stocks, he said.
   "More people could die in the aftermath from lack of shelter and food than in the earthquake itself," he said.
  In a positive sign, more villagers were moving down from the mountains, said Urooj Saifee of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees. The UNHCR has set up three new tent sites in Kashmir's Jhelum Valley, with a capacity for 24,000 people, he said.
  UNICEF will get 20 large tents to set up schools for 75,000 children in the Muzaffarabad area, said Zeba Tanwir Buqhari, UNICEF's chief of operations in the city. School enrollment is expected to fall by about 20,000, with an estimated 11,000 children reportedly injured and 9,000 dead or missing.
  Pakistan's government raised the official death toll to 54,197 Wednesday. Central government figures have consistently lagged behind those of local officials, which put the death toll in Pakistan at about 78,000. A further 1,350 people died in Indian-held Kashmir.

CBSNews.com 10/27/05


Ex-School Trustee 'Misspoke' on Evolution

(AP) A former school board member who denied saying creationism should be taught alongside evolution in high school biology classes changed his story Thursday after being confronted in court with TV news footage of him making such comments.
  William Buckingham explained that he "misspoke" during the TV interview.
Buckingham's testimony came in the fifth week of testimony in a lawsuit filed by eight families who are challenging the Dover Area School District's policy that students hear a statement about intelligent design in biology classes.
  Intelligent design holds that the universe is so complex it must have been created by some kind of higher intelligence. Critics of intelligent design say it is a clever repackaging of the biblical story of creation and thus violates the constitutional separation of church and state.
  Earlier in Thursday's court session, Buckingham claimed he had been misquoted in stories from two newspapers that reported he advocated the teaching of creationism to counterbalance the biology textbook's material on evolution.
  But the plaintiffs' lawyers confronted Buckingham with a 2004 interview he gave to WPMT-TV in York.
 "It's OK to teach Darwin," he said in the interview, "but you have to balance it with something else, such as creationism."
  A federal judge is hearing the case without a jury. The trial began Sept. 26 and could last through early November.

CBSNews.com 10/28/05


Hospital ends life support of baby
1st U.S. case of its kind is against mom's wish, in accordance with law

HOUSTON _ In what medical ethicists say is a first in the United States, a hospital acting under state law, with the concurrence of a judge, disconnected a critically ill baby from life support Tuesday over his mother's objections.
  The baby, Sun Hudson, who'd been on a mechanical ventilator since his birth Sept. 25, died quickly afterward, his mother said.
  The death ended a court battle that began in mid-November when Ms. Hudson, a 33-year-old unemployed dental assistant, opposed doctors when they decided continuing life support was futile, unethical and medically inappropriate. Probate Judge William McCulloch cleared the way for removal of mechanical ventilation from the baby Monday.

The Dallas Morning News 3/15/05


New Israeli-Palestinian Violence Puts Truce in Doubt

JERUSALEM—Israel launched new airstrikes on Friday evening on northern Gaza, killing a Palestinian militant in his white Subaru and wounding another just after they had fired a rocket toward Israel, according to the Israeli Army, citing visual evidence from a helicopter and a drone.
  The strikes came as Defense Minister Shaul Mofaz expressed doubt that Israel could make peace "with the present leadership of the Palestinians," given their reluctance to crack down on terrorist groups. He added, "I don't think a Palestinian state will see the light of day in the coming years."
  The Israelis continued their attacks in the Gaza Strip and sweeps of West Bank towns in response to a suicide bombing on Wednesday, claimed by the militant faction Islamic Jihad, that killed five civilians and wounded 20 more in the Israeli town of Hadera.
  On Thursday, Israel killed a local Islamic Jihad leader, Shadi Muhana, 25, by firing rockets at his car outside the crowded Jabaliya refugee camp near Gaza City. His aide and six other Palestinians also died, among them at least one other Islamic Jihad member and passers-by including a 15-year-old, Rami Asef.
  Tens of thousands of people turned out Friday for the eight funerals in Gaza, with armed members of Islamic Jihad and two other militant groups, Hamas and Al Aksa Martyrs Brigades, marching, shouting their defiance and shooting automatic weapons into the air. The display was a violation of their agreement with the Palestinian Authority president, Mahmoud Abbas, not to carry or fire their weapons in public.
  Militants also fired a few mortars and rockets from Gaza toward the Erez crossing and Israel, doing little damage. But Israel wants to stop all firing from Gaza and has said it will reoccupy the launching areas if necessary.
  Mr. Abbas, who condemned the Hadera bombing as counterproductive and as an invitation to Israel to retaliate against Palestinians and make ordinary life harder, was himself condemned by spokesmen for Islamic Jihad and Hamas. Mushir alMasri, a Hamas spokesman in Gaza, said that by condemning "the heroic martyrdom attack" in Hadera, "the Palestinian Authority put a knife in the back of the Palestinian resistance."
  Mr. Masri's comments, along with the continuing Israeli airstrikes, arrests and attacks, suggest that the period of cease-fire preceding and during Israel's pullout from Gaza may be over. While there have been periods of violence, the cease-fire is supposed to last through the Palestinian legislative elections scheduled for Jan. 25.
  Prime Minister Ariel Sharon has said he will not meet with Mr. Abbas until the Palestinian Authority takes "serious and tangible action against terrorism."
  Mr. Abbas also has internal political trouble, with the Palestinian legislature calling for the resignation of his prime minister, Ahmed Qurei, and his cabinet for their failure to rein in the armed chaos in the streets.
  Saeb Erekat, a Palestinian negotiator, said Israel did not want a Palestinian partner for peace. "Israel's problem is not with a specific person, or with this generation, but with all Palestinians," he said. "Israel has in Abu Mazen a Palestinian partner who wants a real peace to end the occupation."

October 29, 2005 nytimes.com


Astronomers Have Found A New Planet In The Outer Reaches Of The Solar System

"It's definitely bigger than Pluto. "So says Dr. Mike Brown of the California Institute of Technology who announced today the discovery of a new planet in the outer solar system. The planet, which hasn't been officially named yet, was found by Brown and colleagues using the Samuel Oschin Telescope at Palomar Observatory near San Diego. It is currently about 97 times father from the sun than Earth, or 97 Astronomical Units (AU). For comparison, Pluto is 40 AU from the sun.
  This places the new planet more or less in the Kuiper Belt, a dark realm beyond Neptune where thousands of small icy bodies orbit the sun. The planet appears to be typical of Kuiper belt objects—only much bigger. Its sheer size in relation to the nine known planets means that it can only be classified as a planet itself, Brown says.
  Backyard astronomers with large telescopes can see the new planet. But don't expect to be impressed: It looks like a dim speck of light, visual magnitude 19, moving very slowly against the starry background.
  "We are 100 percent confident that this is the first object bigger than Pluto ever found in the outer solar system," Brown adds.
  Telescopes have not yet revealed the planet's disk. To estimate how big it is, the astronomers must rely on measurements of the planet's brightness.
  The size of the planet is further limited by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, which has already proved its mettle in studying the heat of dim, faint, faraway objects such as the Kuiper-belt bodies. Because Spitzer has been unable to detect the new planet, the overall diameter must be less than about 2000 miles (3200 km), says Brown.
  The planet's temporary name is 2003 UB313. A permanent name has been proposed by the discoverers to the International Astronomical Union, and they are awaiting the decision of this body before announcing the name.

7-29-05 The Associated Press


Iran's Leader Joins Large Anti-Israel March Tehran Protesters Back Hate Speech

TEHRAN, Oct. 28 — A day after drawing international condemnation for declaring that "Israel should be wiped off the map," Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad joined an estimated several hundred thousand demonstrators in an annual anti-Israel march that made clear his words are a time-honored slogan in Iran.
  "This is our duty, to condemn Zionism and punch the U.S. in the mouth," said Maysam Hosseinpour, 14, as he marched with fellow students on what is known here as Jerusalem Day. It was designated a quarter-century ago by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the 1979 revolution that made Iran a theocracy, as an annual show of rejection of a Jewish state on land claimed by Arabs.
  As the marchers' signs and banners emphasized on Friday, Khomeini had also declared that Israel must be "wiped off the map." The phrase became a staple of hard-line Iranian rhetoric, and it served as the headline on the state broadcasting Web site's account of Ahmadinejad's speech to a student conference in Tehran on Wednesday.
  But when it also made headlines outside Iran, the ensuing outrage caught Tehran off guard.
On Thursday, Russia joined the European Union, the United States and many other countries in condemning the remark. Ahmadinejad's call was also rejected by Palestinian Authority officials, who noted that they accepted the existence of Israel while taking issue with much of its conduct. On Friday, the U.N. Security Council condemned the statement, and the Vatican expressed "great concern."
  A foreign policy novice, Ahmadinejad made a strident speech at the United Nations last month that was widely criticized. As happened this week, Western governments seized on his words in support of their concerns that the country might be developing its formerly secret nuclear program to produce weapons. The Tehran government denies pursuing such a goal.
  Ali Larijani, Iran's chief nuclear negotiator, called the uproar "bogus noises made by arrogant world powers to achieve certain aims."
 "The Zionist regime and the criminal U.S. desecrated the Islamic Republic of Iran on many occasions in the past," Larijani said, according to the state-run IRNA news agency.
  The nationwide demonstrations, which routinely occur on the last Friday of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, were cast as a show of support for Ahmadinejad. Among the marchers who turned out in the capital were the president and his mild-mannered predecessor, the reformist cleric Mohammad Khatami.
  U.S. and Israeli flags were burned in the street in front of Tehran University, where Friday prayers are held. Crowds alternated chants of "Death to America!" "Death to Israel!" "Death to England!" and "Nuclear energy is our indubitable right!"
  The protests appeared to be more intensely felt than in recent years and the crowds slightly larger. State television and radio had encouraged turnout as a demonstration of defiance. "What our president said in his speech is what our people are saying," said Rahim Savafi, head of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, a hard-line group in which Ahmadinejad once served.
  "The U.S. and the Israelis are trying to make propaganda to cover their defeats in Gaza and Iraq," Savafi said, according to the Iranian Students' News Agency. "The Americans and the Zionists have repeatedly talked about regime change in Iran and ousting the Islamic Republic, so they cannot tolerate our president repeating what our late Imam said and what our people say now."

washingtonpost.com 10/28/05